World's top 302 companies asked to disclose water usage

Several of the world's largest corporations, some with operations spanning several countries, have been urged to disclose their complete water usage and participate in the first voluntary water-disclosure exercise being undertaken at a global scale by London-based investor-backed non-profit organization Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP).

The CDP issued the first of its kind water-disclosure questionnaire last week in London and began a campaign that seeks to put water consumption on par with carbon emissions as a concern of company shareholders. The organization had scheduled for release of the questionnaire around this time when it launched the initiaitve around November last year.

The exercise is purely voluntary and those who have been approached may not respond. But, they are being encouraged by a pool of investors that brings with it formidable wealth, to do so. The investors represent some $16000 billion worth of assets between themselves.

The initiative comes against a backdrop of declining global water availability creating an immense challenge for companies, and a demand for increasing accountability on usage of the fast depleting resource. In fact, several reports have highlighted that poor water availability as well as an increase in its procurement cost is emerging a formidable business risk.

Several projections point out that in several areas across the world, water may not just be available to run business operations in the not so distant future. At the same time, experts have been issuing stern warnings that companies, and their investors, should start to appreciate the new category of risk to their future businesses -- running out of water.

Projects like CDP's not only manage to create awareness and help businesses and institutional investors understand the risks and opportunities associated with water scarcity and other water-related issues, but at the same time, give a unstated warning to most companies operating in water-intensive sectors.

The 302 companies asked to send in their responses by July-end include the who's who of the global business world -- ABB, Nokia, Intel, Procter & Gamble, Bayer, Boeing, Cadbury, Carrefour, Christian Dior, Danone, IBM, Johnson & Johnson, Coca-Cola, Nestle, Unilever, PepsiCo, McDonald's, Nike, Novartis, Sony Corporation, Yum Brands, among others.

Ford, PepsiCo, Molson Coors, L’Oréal and Reed Elsevier, some of whom are involved in the project in various capacities, are among those who have already accepted to respond.

Indian companies that have been sent the questionnaire are Bharat Heavy Electricals LTD (BHEL), Indian Oil, ITC, Larsen & Toubro, NTPC, ONGC, Reliance Industries, Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL). There is also Arcelor Mittal, the global steel giant of India-born LN Mittal.

The questionnaire asks the respondents to spell out if they have a water policy, strategy or management plan. And, if they have one, then it asks comanies to describe it.

It also asks respondents to identify the percentage of their operations in the world’s water-stressed areas and what portion of their water use comes from these regions. It asks companies to spell out their water use, recycling and discharges into or near wildlife habitats as well as list water-related risks and opportunities.

Basically, companies are being asked for details of their water footprint and also make a disclosure that they are maintaining stewardship on this count.

Companies that choose to respond to the questions have the option of making their answers available only to these investors, or to the larger public as well. Also, companies that have not been sent the questionnaire can also respond to it, if they want.

As human population growth and climate change exacerbate water shortages worldwide, such efforts will go a long way to ensure that water management remains tight, and companies and people remain accountable for their water usage.

Asian tree to provide low-cost water purification method

As water pollution continues to play havoc with the world's dwindling water supplies, the search for innovative and low-cost purification technologies continues.

Some Canadian researchers have come across a tree found in several parts of Asia that could also provide another low-cost water purification technique to help bring down the incidence of waterborne disease in the developing world. This could be welcome news for Asia, as along with Africa, it remains one of the largest areas where water scarcity and pollution run hand-in-hand.

If one adds some parts of Latam (Latin America), then over a billion people reportedly rely on untreated surface water sources for their daily water needs. Reports suggest that almost two million die from diseases from contaminated water every year. Children under five years of age account for the largest number of deaths.

According to the researchers, a simple procedure that uses seeds from the Moringa oleifera tree can produce upto 99.99 per cent bacterial reduction in previously untreated water.

The seeds can be crushed into powder and used as a water-soluble extract in suspension, which creates an effective natural clarification agent for highly turbid and untreated pathogenic surface water.

The technique improves drinkability and reduces water turbidity (cloudiness), thus making water microbiologically and aesthetically acceptable for human consumption.